# Inventory Capture and Aggregation Optimization Plan

## Summary
Optimize for end-to-end runtime with a Postgres-ready design. Keep the current HTTP and report behavior intact, but shift the scheduled data pipeline so it uses canonical append-only/cache tables instead of repeatedly scanning `inventory_hourly_*` tables and regenerating reports inline.

This plan is intended to be implementation-ready for a `codex-5.3` execution pass.

Execution-path decision:
- For the current architecture and migration phases, scheduled daily and monthly aggregation default to the Go path.
- This is a readability-first and current-performance decision, not a claim that Go is inherently faster than a well-designed SQL implementation.
- SQL path is retained for compatibility, backfill, and fallback.
- SQL remains a future optimization candidate on canonical Postgres tables.
- SQL can be promoted to default only after benchmark evidence on canonical Postgres tables shows a clear runtime advantage.

The target architecture is:
1. `vm_hourly_stats` is the canonical hourly fact store.
2. `vm_daily_rollup` is the canonical monthly input.
3. Per-snapshot tables and XLSX generation remain as compatibility and output concerns, not the primary execution path.

## Current State
- Hourly capture already writes both per-snapshot tables and `vm_hourly_stats`.
- Daily aggregation has mixed execution paths:
  - SQL union path over `inventory_hourly_*`
  - Go path over `vm_hourly_stats` or parallel table scans
- Monthly aggregation has mixed execution paths:
  - SQL path over daily or hourly snapshot tables
  - Go path over `vm_daily_rollup` or hourly cache
- Lifecycle reconciliation updates both canonical cache tables and prior hourly snapshot tables during the hot path.
- Report generation is still coupled to scheduled capture and aggregation jobs.
- The current UI is rendered through Templ pages and shared `web2`/`web3` CSS classes, but it does not yet match the visual system described in `design.md`.
- Current shipped styling still uses a different blue accent, tighter radii, default system typography, and inconsistent component hierarchy compared with the target design language.

## Implementation Goals
- Reduce hourly capture wall-clock time.
- Reduce daily and monthly aggregation runtime.
- Eliminate repeated historical table scans from the normal scheduled path.
- Keep user-visible HTTP APIs, reports, and auth behavior unchanged.
- Improve UI clarity and consistency so the dashboard, snapshot views, and trace views reflect the design direction in `design.md`.
- Make authentication and role requirements easier to understand from the UI without changing the auth model.
- Preserve compatibility with SQLite for development and small installs.
- Make the runtime architecture cleanly scalable for PostgreSQL production use.

## Implementation Changes

### 1. Hourly Capture Pipeline
- Keep `GetAllVMsWithProps` as the primary vCenter inventory fetch path.
- Preserve single-VM property retrieval only as a fallback path when bulk retrieval is incomplete.
- Replace row-by-row database writes in hourly capture with batched writes.
- For PostgreSQL:
  - prefer multi-row insert/upsert or `COPY` into `vm_hourly_stats`
  - keep conflict handling on the canonical key
- For SQLite:
  - keep transactional batched insert/upsert
  - do not attempt PostgreSQL-only ingestion patterns
- During capture, write data to these canonical destinations first:
  - `vm_hourly_stats`
  - `vm_lifecycle_cache`
  - `vcenter_totals`
  - `vcenter_latest_totals`
  - `vcenter_aggregate_totals` for hourly totals
- Treat `inventory_hourly_<epoch>` as compatibility output, not as the source of truth for downstream jobs.
- Move deletion and event reconciliation to one post-capture reconciliation phase per vCenter.
- In that reconciliation phase, update canonical cache tables first.
- Stop updating prior hourly snapshot tables inline during the capture hot path except where compatibility mode explicitly requires it.
- Remove synchronous XLSX regeneration from hourly capture.
- Scheduled capture should finish once persistence and reconciliation are complete.
- Report generation should run after the capture path, either deferred within the job or via a follow-up stage.

### 2. Daily Aggregation
- Make `vm_hourly_stats` the only normal scheduled input for daily aggregation.
- Scheduled daily jobs must not build `UNION ALL` queries across `inventory_hourly_*`.
- Keep the Go aggregation path as the explicit default scheduled path for the current implementation and migration phases.
- Readability is the primary reason for this default: the Go path is materially easier to follow, test, and debug than the current snapshot-union SQL path.
- Performance is a secondary but still important reason: on the current implementation, Go is expected to outperform the existing SQL union path by avoiding repeated historical table scans.
- Treat the SQL path as non-default compatibility and fallback behavior.
- Do not treat this as a permanent rejection of SQL.
- Only promote SQL to default if benchmark results on canonical Postgres data show a clear, repeatable improvement over the Go path.
- Keep the current SQL union path only for:
  - compatibility fallback
  - manual repair
  - backfill support where needed
- Daily aggregation output must continue writing:
  - `inventory_daily_summary_YYYYMMDD`
  - `vm_daily_rollup`
  - `snapshot_registry` daily record
  - refreshed `vcenter_aggregate_totals` daily entries
- Lifecycle refinement should operate on canonical lifecycle data and only use snapshot-table probing as fallback.
- Preserve existing daily semantics for:
  - `SamplesPresent`
  - `AvgIsPresent`
  - weighted CPU/RAM/disk averages
  - pool percentages
  - creation/deletion time behavior

### 3. Monthly Aggregation
- Make `vm_daily_rollup` the default scheduled input for monthly aggregation.
- Scheduled monthly jobs should not scan hourly snapshot tables in the normal path.
- Keep the Go aggregation path as the explicit default scheduled path for the current implementation and migration phases.
- Readability is the primary reason for this default: the Go path is materially easier to follow, test, and debug than the current SQL path.
- Performance is a secondary but still important reason: on the current implementation, Go is expected to outperform the existing SQL path by avoiding snapshot-table unions and hourly-history scans in the normal case.
- Treat the SQL path as non-default compatibility and fallback behavior.
- Do not treat this as a permanent rejection of SQL.
- Only promote SQL to default if benchmark results on canonical Postgres data show a clear, repeatable improvement over the Go path.
- Keep hourly-based monthly aggregation only for:
  - manual rebuilds
  - repair/backfill workflows
  - validation against old behavior
- Preserve current monthly weighting semantics based on per-day sample volumes.
- Monthly aggregation output must continue writing:
  - `inventory_monthly_summary_YYYYMM`
  - `snapshot_registry` monthly record
  - refreshed `vcenter_aggregate_totals` monthly entries
- Keep report generation behavior unchanged from the user’s perspective, but do not keep it on the critical aggregation hot path if it can be deferred safely.

### 4. Storage and Schema
- Keep these tables during migration:
  - `inventory_hourly_*`
  - `inventory_daily_summary_*`
  - `inventory_monthly_summary_*`
- Stop treating hourly snapshot tables as the normal scheduled aggregation source.
- Preserve `snapshot_registry`, but register logical hourly snapshots by timestamp even when downstream jobs no longer depend on hourly table scans.
- Validate or add the following indexes on `vm_hourly_stats` for PostgreSQL:
  - `("SnapshotTime")`
  - `("Vcenter","SnapshotTime")`
  - `("Vcenter","VmId","SnapshotTime")`
  - `("Vcenter","VmUuid","SnapshotTime")`
  - a name lookup index aligned with current trace queries
- Keep the existing trace-compatible indexes for SQLite.
- After the canonical-path migration is stable, partition `vm_hourly_stats` by snapshot month for PostgreSQL.
- Do not require partitioning for SQLite or tests.

### 5. Compatibility Mode
- Introduce an explicit compatibility mode for legacy snapshot tables.
- When compatibility mode is enabled:
  - continue writing `inventory_hourly_*`
  - continue generating legacy-compatible daily/monthly summary tables
  - continue registering snapshots as today
- When compatibility mode is disabled in a later phase:
  - scheduled jobs may skip legacy hourly table creation
  - compatibility reports and endpoints must still work from canonical data or compatibility rebuild jobs
- Default to compatibility mode enabled during the transition.

### 6. Scheduling and Job Flow
- Refactor the scheduled pipeline into explicit stages:
  1. capture
  2. reconcile
  3. register and refresh totals caches
  4. optional report generation
- Daily aggregation should run only against the completed prior-day hourly data.
- Monthly aggregation should depend on daily rollup completion, not hourly history scans.
- Keep the current cron behavior and auth/UI behavior unchanged while internal data flow changes land.
- Backfill and repair jobs should rebuild canonical caches first, then compatibility tables and reports.

### 7. UI Refresh and Design-System Alignment
- Use `design.md` as the source of truth for the UI refresh, but adapt it pragmatically to this codebase rather than attempting a pixel-perfect clone.
- Introduce semantic theme tokens using `--theme_*` naming in the shared stylesheet layer.
- Replace the current ad hoc `web2` color and radius values with tokenized equivalents for:
  - primary text
  - weak text
  - CTA blue
  - borders
  - surfaces
  - success states
  - button spotlight text
  - card and ambient shadows
- Update the shared stylesheet source and shipped compiled assets so the new tokens flow through the delivered UI.
- Keep the existing `web2` and `web3` class names if that reduces churn, but rebase them on the new token system.
- Establish a typography strategy that follows `design.md` while remaining deployable:
  - prefer Haas and Haas Groot Disp only if licensed webfont delivery is available
  - otherwise define a documented fallback stack with similar proportions and spacing behavior
  - apply positive letter spacing to body, caption, and button treatments where appropriate
- Normalize component shape language to the design brief:
  - buttons at 12px radius
  - cards and sections at 16px to 24px radius
  - larger containers at 24px to 32px radius where needed
  - avoid the current 3px to 6px rounded treatment as the default visual language
- Replace the current flat visual treatment with the documented blue-tinted shadow system, but keep shadows controlled and readable in data-heavy views.
- Refactor shared UI structure in the Templ layer:
  - `components/core/header.templ`
  - `components/core/footer.templ`
  - shared shell/header/card/button/table/form patterns used across `components/views/*`
- Add a reusable page-shell pattern so all primary pages share:
  - a consistent hero/header treatment
  - action grouping
  - content width rules
  - section spacing
  - responsive table overflow behavior
- Improve the dashboard information architecture in `components/views/index.templ`:
  - reduce the current long-form text density
  - promote primary navigation and key operational tasks
  - move build metadata into secondary status cards
  - present auth requirements and role policy as a concise callout rather than dense paragraph copy
- Improve snapshot and vCenter list pages in `components/views/snapshots.templ`:
  - stronger table hierarchy
  - clearer record counts and grouping
  - more intentional page headers and return navigation
  - responsive behavior that preserves readability on smaller screens
- Improve the VM trace page in `components/views/vm_trace.templ`:
  - upgrade search form layout and input styling
  - improve chart framing and diagnostics presentation
  - make lifecycle summary cards visually clearer
  - preserve dense tabular detail without making the page feel purely utilitarian
- Ensure the auth-enabled experience is visible in the UI:
  - clarify that UI pages remain public while APIs require Bearer tokens when auth is enabled
  - surface viewer versus admin capability differences in concise language
  - keep Swagger and operational links accessible from the main navigation
- Add accessibility and interaction requirements to the UI implementation:
  - visible focus states
  - sufficient text/background contrast
  - keyboard-usable navigation and forms
  - table layouts that remain readable with horizontal overflow
  - mobile-safe spacing and tap targets
- Keep UI changes implementation-friendly:
  - avoid introducing a large frontend framework
  - continue using Templ plus shared CSS and existing JS assets
  - prefer incremental component replacement over a full frontend rewrite

## Public Interfaces and Settings
- No HTTP API changes are required.
- Keep existing endpoints and report filenames stable.
- No auth-model changes are required for the UI refresh.
- If licensed fonts are not available for deployment, the implementation must ship with a documented fallback stack rather than blocking the UI work.
- Add these settings:
  - `settings.capture_write_batch_size`
    - default: `1000`
    - controls batched DB writes for hourly capture
  - `settings.snapshot_table_compat_mode`
    - default: `true`
    - when `true`, continue writing legacy snapshot tables during migration
  - `settings.async_report_generation`
    - default: `true`
    - when `true`, scheduled jobs defer XLSX generation from the hot path
- Keep existing settings such as:
  - `hourly_snapshot_concurrency`
  - `monthly_aggregation_granularity`
  - retry settings
  - cleanup settings
- Scheduled monthly aggregation should ignore hourly granularity unless running a manual or backfill job.

## Execution Order

### Phase 1: Hot-Path Runtime Wins
- Add batched hourly writes.
- Decouple report generation from hourly capture.
- Ensure daily scheduled aggregation reads only from `vm_hourly_stats`.
- Ensure monthly scheduled aggregation reads only from `vm_daily_rollup`.
- Keep compatibility tables enabled.
- Define the UI token layer and shared component mapping before page-level redesign work begins.

### Phase 2: Canonical Dataflow
- Refactor reconciliation so canonical caches are updated first.
- Reduce or eliminate prior-snapshot table mutations during capture.
- Make scheduled aggregation paths canonical-only.
- Keep fallback and repair code for legacy unions/scans.
- Implement the shared page shell, navigation, button, card, table, and form refinements across the existing Templ views.

### Phase 3: Postgres-Ready Scale-Up
- Validate index coverage on canonical tables.
- Add PostgreSQL partitioning for `vm_hourly_stats`.
- Benchmark Go and SQL aggregation paths on representative production-scale data.
- Keep Go as default unless SQL demonstrates a clear, repeatable runtime win on canonical Postgres data.
- Treat the benchmark as a comparison against a canonical-table SQL implementation, not the current snapshot-union SQL path.
- If SQL wins, promote SQL behind a controlled rollout flag first, then make it default.
- Complete page-specific UI refinement for dashboard, snapshots, vCenter totals, and VM trace using the shared tokenized design system.

### Phase 4: Compatibility Reduction
- Keep legacy table output behind `snapshot_table_compat_mode`.
- Once canonical-path validation is complete, allow disabling legacy hourly table generation in scheduled runs.
- Retain explicit backfill and rebuild commands for compatibility tables and reports.
- Clean up obsolete styling rules and duplicated visual patterns once the new UI system is fully adopted.

## Implementation Checklist

### 0. Baseline and Guardrails
- [x] Capture baseline metrics for hourly capture, daily aggregation, monthly aggregation, and report generation.
- [x] Confirm current API/endpoint contract and report filename behavior with a regression snapshot.
- [x] Add new settings with defaults and config wiring:
  - [x] `settings.capture_write_batch_size=1000`
  - [x] `settings.snapshot_table_compat_mode=true`
  - [x] `settings.async_report_generation=true`
- [x] Add/confirm stage-level logging and timing around capture, reconcile, totals refresh, and report generation.
- [x] Document migration guardrails: no auth-model changes, SQLite support retained, compatibility mode enabled by default.
- Evidence snapshot: see `phase0-baseline.md` for metrics, API/report contract snapshot, and guardrail verification.

### 1. Phase 1: Hot-Path Runtime Wins
- [x] Implement batched hourly writes for canonical tables in capture flow.
- [x] Add PostgreSQL multi-row insert/upsert path (or `COPY`) for `vm_hourly_stats`.
- [x] Keep SQLite transactional batched upsert path without PostgreSQL-only ingestion features.
- [x] Decouple XLSX/report generation from capture hot path via async/deferred stage.
- [x] Ensure scheduled daily aggregation reads canonical data from `vm_hourly_stats` only.
- [x] Ensure scheduled monthly aggregation reads canonical data from `vm_daily_rollup` only.
- [x] Keep legacy compatibility tables enabled during this phase.
- [x] Introduce UI token layer (`--theme_*`) and map shared component primitives before page-specific redesign.

### 2. Phase 2: Canonical Dataflow
- [x] Refactor capture/reconcile ordering so canonical caches are updated first.
- [x] Move deletion/event reconciliation to one post-capture phase per vCenter.
- [x] Remove prior-snapshot table mutations from capture hot path (except explicit compatibility needs).
- [x] Keep SQL union/legacy scan paths available only for fallback, repair, and backfill.
- [x] Verify `snapshot_registry` logical hourly registration remains correct without normal hourly table scans.
- [x] Implement shared Templ page shell improvements across header/footer/cards/buttons/tables/forms.
- [x] Refresh dashboard, snapshots, vCenter totals, and VM trace views to the tokenized design system.

### 3. Phase 3: Postgres-Ready Scale-Up
- [x] Validate/add canonical `vm_hourly_stats` indexes for snapshot time, vCenter+time, VM identity+time, and trace lookup.
- [x] Add PostgreSQL monthly partitioning for `vm_hourly_stats` behind migration controls.
- [x] Benchmark Go vs SQL on canonical Postgres tables using representative production-scale data.
  - Production-scale Postgres run completed on 2026-04-21 via one-shot canonical benchmark (`-benchmark-aggregations` with `runs_per_mode=1`, `driver=postgres`).
  - Daily window `2026-04-20T00:00:00Z` to `2026-04-21T00:00:00Z`: Go `4.000602432s` (`14881` rows) vs SQL `1h17m19.039092561s` (`14920` rows), with Go ~`1159.59x` faster on this run.
  - Monthly window `2026-04-01T00:00:00Z` to `2026-05-01T00:00:00Z`: Go `3.529410947s` (`15871` rows) vs SQL `3.313037973s` (`15873` rows), near parity with SQL slightly faster (~`0.216s`, `6.1%`).
  - Decision remains unchanged: keep Go as scheduled default and treat SQL as fallback/backfill until SQL shows a clear, repeatable runtime win across canonical workloads.
- [x] Keep Go as scheduled default unless SQL shows clear and repeatable runtime wins.
- [x] If SQL wins, roll out behind a controlled flag before any default switch.

### 4. Phase 4: Compatibility Reduction
- [x] Keep legacy outputs controlled by `snapshot_table_compat_mode`.
  - Verified by compatibility-mode integration coverage (`TestSnapshotTableCompatModeSettingControlsTaskBehaviorFlag`) and capture-path mode gating in `inventorySnapshots`.
- [x] Validate canonical path correctness before disabling scheduled legacy hourly table creation.
  - Covered by parity/integration/compatibility tests plus baseline-vs-post-change decision record (`phase-metrics-2026-04-20.md`).
- [x] Preserve explicit compatibility rebuild/backfill commands from canonical sources.
  - Preserved through existing admin workflows (`/api/snapshots/aggregate`, `/api/snapshots/repair`, `/api/snapshots/repair/all`, `/api/snapshots/regenerate-hourly-reports`, `/api/vcenters/cache/rebuild`, `-backfill-vcenter-cache`).
- [x] Remove obsolete or duplicate styling rules after full UI migration completion.
  - Removed unused selectors from shared UI stylesheet (`.web2-button-group*`, `.web2-list li`) in `dist/assets/css/web3.css`; router UI asset tests remain passing.

### 5. Validation and Quality Gates
- [x] Add golden-result tests for daily output parity (old vs new path).
- [x] Add golden-result tests for monthly output parity (old vs new path).
- [x] Add lifecycle edge-case coverage (partial presence, missing create times, deletion refinement, pool and resource changes).
- [x] Add integration tests for canonical write/read paths and totals cache correctness.
- [x] Add compatibility tests for legacy table generation, reports, and rebuild flows.
- [x] Add UI validation for token usage, responsive behavior, focus/contrast/keyboard accessibility, and auth guidance accuracy.
  - Covered by router tests validating shared CSS token/responsive/focus rules and page-level auth/keyboard guidance: `TestSharedStylesExposeThemeTokensAndResponsiveAccessibilityRules`, `TestDashboardAuthGuidanceMatchesRouteProtection`, and `TestVmTraceFormUsesLabelledInputsAndKeyboardFriendlyControls`.
- [x] Compare baseline vs post-change metrics after each phase and record pass/fail decisions.
  - Evidence and gate outcomes captured in `phase-metrics-2026-04-20.md` (baseline delta table + pass/fail decisions + benchmark snapshot).

### 6. Rollout and Documentation
- [x] Update operator docs for new settings and default behavior.
- [x] Document compatibility-mode lifecycle and criteria to disable legacy table generation.
- [x] Document benchmark method/results and default-path decision record (Go vs SQL).
- [x] Publish a short migration runbook for staged rollout, rollback triggers, and repair workflows.
  - Completed in `README.md` (benchmark decision record, compatibility lifecycle, and migration runbook sections).

## Test Plan

### Correctness Tests
- Add golden-result tests comparing old and new daily outputs for the same synthetic hourly dataset.
- Add golden-result tests comparing old and new monthly outputs for the same synthetic daily dataset.
- Include edge cases for:
  - partial-day VM presence
  - missing creation times
  - deletion-time refinement
  - pool changes
  - CPU and RAM changes across samples
  - VMs identified by `VmId`, `VmUuid`, and fallback name matching

### Integration Tests
- Hourly capture writes `vm_hourly_stats`, lifecycle caches, and vCenter totals correctly.
- Daily aggregation reads canonical hourly data without scanning `inventory_hourly_*`.
- Monthly aggregation reads canonical daily rollup without scanning hourly history in the normal path.
- `vcenter_aggregate_totals` remains correct for hourly, daily, and monthly views.
- Trace and totals endpoints keep returning equivalent results before and after migration.
- UI page rendering remains valid for dashboard, snapshot pages, vCenter totals, and VM trace after shared component changes.

### Compatibility Tests
- When `snapshot_table_compat_mode=true`, compatibility snapshot tables still exist and are populated.
- Reports still generate correctly from migrated data.
- Backfill and repair flows can rebuild compatibility outputs from canonical sources.
- UI remains functional when auth is disabled and when auth is enabled with protected API usage documented in-page.

### Performance Tests
- Measure per-vCenter capture duration.
- Measure hourly write throughput.
- Measure daily aggregation runtime.
- Measure monthly aggregation runtime.
- Measure report generation runtime when decoupled from scheduled jobs.
- Capture baseline metrics before refactor and compare after each phase.
- Measure basic UI payload impact after the refresh so stylesheet and JS growth stay controlled.

### UI Validation
- Verify token usage in shared CSS so colors, radii, and shadows are not hard-coded inconsistently across pages.
- Verify responsive behavior for dashboard, snapshot tables, vCenter totals, and VM trace at mobile and desktop widths.
- Verify focus states, contrast, and keyboard access for links, buttons, inputs, and table navigation surfaces.
- Verify that the auth guidance on the dashboard still matches actual route protection and Bearer-token behavior.

## Acceptance Criteria
- Scheduled hourly capture runtime is materially reduced without changing user-visible outputs.
- Scheduled daily aggregation no longer depends on `inventory_hourly_*` scans.
- Scheduled monthly aggregation no longer depends on hourly-history scans.
- Canonical caches become the source of truth for normal scheduled processing.
- Legacy compatibility behavior remains available during migration.
- Existing endpoints, reports, auth behavior, and operational commands continue to work.
- The UI reflects the design direction in `design.md` through tokenized colors, typography, spacing, radius, and shadow usage.
- The dashboard, snapshot pages, vCenter totals view, and VM trace view share a coherent visual system and clearer information hierarchy.
- The refreshed UI remains responsive, accessible, and compatible with the current Templ-based rendering model.

## Assumptions
- Target direction is Postgres-ready and runtime-first.
- Existing endpoints, report filenames, and user-visible semantics must remain stable.
- SQLite remains supported for development, tests, and smaller installs.
- PostgreSQL is the intended scale-up target for larger environments.
- Compatibility snapshot tables should remain enabled by default until canonical-path validation is complete.